| China | Heavy-Duty | Passenger Cars/Light Duty | Non-Road |
| Hong Kong | Heavy-Duty | Passenger Cars/Light Duty | |
| India | Heavy-Duty | Passenger Cars/Light Duty | Non-Road |
| Indonesia | Heavy-Duty | Passenger Cars/Light Duty | |
| Japan | Heavy-Duty | Passenger Cars/Light Duty | Non-Road |
| Malaysia | Heavy-Duty | Passenger Cars/Light Duty | |
| Singapore | Heavy-Duty | Passenger Cars/Light Duty | Non-Road |
| South Korea | Heavy-Duty | Passenger Cars/Light Duty | Non-Road |
| Taiwan | Heavy-Duty | Passenger Cars/Light Duty | |
| Thailand | Heavy-Duty | Passenger Cars/Light Duty |
 |
China
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines
China’s diesel engine emission standards are set by the Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP). They are based on European legislation. China IV or Guo IV (based on Euro IV) was supposed to be introduced in January 2012 after a delay of one year due to fuel quality issues. However, the standard has been further delayed and will now enter into force in July 2013. The standards were introduced earlier for new heavy duty vehicles in the Beijing region, with adoption of regulations taking place in January 2008. Proposals are also in place to introduce even more stringent emission standards in January 2012 (January 2013 for existing models) in Beijing based on Euro V regulations.
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Emission Standards (g/kWh)
| Legislation | Date* |
| China I | 01/09/2000 |
| China II | 01/09/2003 |
| China III | 01/01/2007 |
| China IV | 01/07/2013 |
*implementation dates for all vehicles
Passenger Cars and Light Duty Vehicles
These standards are also based on European legislation, although they are usually introduced gradually according to region before being launched nationwide. The categorisation of vehicles is also similar to the method adopted by the EU, although some minor changes (for example passenger cars are defined as having a GVW of not more than 2.5 tonnes, with a capacity not exceeding six people). The current emission standards, which are based on Euro 4 regulations, were initially introduced in the Beijing region in January 2007, before eventually coming into force nationwide in July 2010. As with Euro 4, the standards are typically applicable for existing model registrations twelve months after the introduction of the standards.
Light Duty Diesel Engine Emission Standards (g/km)
| Region | Legislation | Year |
| Beijing | China II
China III China IV |
01/08/2002
01/12/2005 01/01/2007 |
| Guangzhou | China III | 01/10/2006 |
| Shanghai | China II
China III |
01/03/2003
01/01/2007 |
| Nationwide | China I
China II China III China IV |
01/01/2000
01/09/2003 01/07/2007 01/07/2010 |
Non-Road Vehicle Engines
The Chinese non-road diesel engine emission standards were initially introduced in October 2007, based on the EU’s Stage I and II standards for non-road vehicles. The Chinese standards also cover engine power categories that are below those stipulated under the EU’s regulations, namely the <37 tonnes categories in Stage I and the <18 tonnes categories in Stage II. For these categories, China has adopted the US EPA’s Tier 1 and 2 standards. Stage I standards cannot be met through the use of exhaust after-treatment technology. The second stage of standards (Stage II) came into force in October 2009.
Non-Road Diesel Engine Standards (g/kWh)
| Category | Regulation | Date | CO | HC | NOx | HC + NOx | PM |
| 130 ≤ kW < 56 | CN Stage I
CN Stage II |
01/10/2007
01/10/2009 |
5.00
3.50 |
1.30
1.00 |
9.20
6.00 |
0.54
0.20 |
|
| 75 ≤ kW < 130 | CN Stage I
CN Stage II |
01/10/2007
01/10/2009 |
5.00
5.00 |
1.30
1.00 |
9.20
6.00 |
0.70
0.30 |
|
| 37 < kW ≤ 75 | CN Stage I
CN Stage II |
01/10/2007
01/10/2009 |
6.50
5.00 |
1.30
1.30 |
9.20
7.00 |
0.85
0.40 |
|
| 18 ≤ kW < 37 | CN Stage I
CN Stage II |
01/10/2007
01/10/2009 |
8.40
5.00 |
2.10
1.50 |
10.80
8.00 |
1.00
0.80 |
|
| 8 ≤ kW < 18 | CN Stage I
CN Stage II |
01/10/2007
01/10/2009 |
8.40
6.60 |
12.90
9.50 |
0.80 | ||
| kW < 8 | CN Stage I
CN Stage II |
01/10/2007
01/10/2009 |
12.30
8.00 |
18.40
10.50 |
1.00 |
|
Hong Kong
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines
Hong Kong has sought to implement European standards in order to regulate diesel engine emissions. The first set of standards for new heavy-duty vehicles came into force in 1995 with the introduction of Euro I regulations. As of January 2006, new heavy-duty diesel vehicles with a GVW not exceeding 3.5 tonnes in Hong Kong must comply with Euro IV, US EPA HDV 2005 or Japan HDV 2005 standards. For vehicles with a GVW above 3.5 tonnes the new standard came into force in 2007. In addition, the government also planned to introduce Euro V standards in October 2009 (in line with the EU), but this was postponed since Japanese automakers were not able to ensure compliance. The deadline for Euro V is set for June 2012 for vehicles exceeding 3.5 tonnes and December 2012 for vehicles under 3.5 tonnes.
| Reference Legislation | Date |
| Euro I | 01/01/1995 |
| Euro II | 01/01/1997 |
| Euro III | 01/01/2001 |
| Euro IV/ US HDV 2005/ Japan HDV 2005 | 01/01/2006* |
| Euro V | 01/06/2012** |
*Implementation date is for new vehicles of not more than 3.5 tonnes. For new vehicles over 3.5 tonnes, the standard came into force in October 2007.
** Proposed. Implementation date is for new vehicles of not more than 3.5 tonnes. For new vehicles over 3.5 tonnes, the standard comes into force in December 2012.
Passenger Cars and Light Duty Vehicles
These standards have also traditionally been based on European regulations. Current standards have been in place since January 2006, whereby compliance with either Euro 4 or CARB LEV II regulations is required. Proposals have also been made for the introduction of Euro 5 standards for new light-duty diesel vehicles in June 2012.
| Reference Legislation | Date |
| Euro I | 01/01/1995 |
| Euro II | 01/01/1998 |
| Euro III | 01/01/2001 |
| Euro 4 / CARB LEV II | 01/01/2006 |
| Euro V | 01/06/2012* |
* Proposed
 |
India
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines
Standards for new heavy-duty buses and trucks (GVW > 3.5 tonnes) were first introduced in 1992, although the Indian authorities have been adopting EU diesel engine emission standards since 2000, replacing their existing framework of regulations. The current standards that are applicable nationwide (as of April 2010, for all models) are the Bharat Stage III standards based on Euro III, which were first introduced in Delhi and 11 major cities (like Mumbai and Bangalore) in April 2005. In addition, in April 2010 the Bharat Stage IV cycle commenced, whereby new stricter emission standards were introduced for all vehicle models based on Euro IV regulations. For now, these standards are only applicable in Delhi and 11 other major cities around India, with full implementation expected by April 2014.
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Emission Standards (g/kWh)*
| Legislation | Date | NOx | CO | PM |
| Bharat I | 01/01/2000, < 85 kW
01/01/2000, > 85 kW |
8.00
8.00 |
4.50
4.50 |
0.61
20.36 |
| Bharat II | 01/04/2005** | 7.00 | 4.00 | 0.15 |
| Bharat III | 01/04/2010† | 5.00 | 2.10 | 0.10 – 0.13 |
| Bharat IV | 01/04/2010‡ | 3.50 | 1.50 | 0.02 |
* based on ESC/ELR test cycle.
** standard was introduced in Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata in 2001, with 8 other cities adopting the standard in April 2003.
† standard was introduced in Delhi and 11 other major cities in April 2005.
‡ so far the standard has only come into force in Delhi and 11 other major cities.
Passenger Cars and Light Duty Vehicles
These standards are also based on the EU’s regulations, with the same implementation schedule as set out for the heavy duty standards. The current standards are based on Euro 3 regulations, whilst in April 2010 the new standards based on Euro 4 came into force in Delhi and 11 other major cities in India (nationwide by April 2014). The Indian authorities also regulate diesel emissions from new two and three wheel vehicles, based on their own emission standards, as part of Bharat Stage III and IV.
Passenger Diesel Car Emission Standards (g/km)
| Legislation | Date | Category | CO | HC + NOx | PM |
| Bharat I | 01/01/2000 | N1, ≤ 1305 kg
N1, 1305-1760 kg N1, > 1760 kg |
2.72
5.17 6.90 |
0.97
1.40 1.70 |
0.14
0.19 0.25 |
| Bharat II | 01/04/2005* | N1, ≤ 1305 kg
N1, 1305-1760 kg N1, > 1760 kg |
1.00
1.25 1.50 |
0.70
1.00 1.20 |
0.08
0.12 0.17 |
| Bharat III | 01/04/2010** | N1, ≤ 1305 kg
N1, 1305-1760 kg N1, > 1760 kg |
0.64
0.80 0.95 |
0.56
0.72 0.86 |
0.05
0.07 0.10 |
| Bharat IV | 01/04/2010† | N1, ≤ 1305 kg
N1, 1305-1760 kg N1, > 1760 kg |
0.50
0.63 0.74 |
0.30
0.39 0.46 |
0.025
0.04 0.06 |
* Standard was introduced in Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata in 2001, with 8 other cities adopting the standard in April 2003.
** Standard was introduced in Delhi and 11 other major cities in April 2005.
† So far the standard has only come into force in Delhi and 11 other major cities.
Two and Three Wheel Diesel Vehicle Emission Standards (g/km)
| Regulation | Date | CO | HC + NOx | PM |
| Bharat Stage II | 01/04/2005 | 1.00 | 0.85 | 0.10 |
| Bharat Stage III | 01/04/2010 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.05 |
Non-Road Vehicle Engines
India has separate sets of emission standards for construction machinery and agricultural tractors. The Bharat (CEV) standards designed specifically for construction machinery, with the first cycle (Stage II) coming into force in 2007-2008. These are based on the EU’s Stage I regulations for non-road vehicles, although they also include standards for machinery with engine power below 19 kW which are not covered by the EU regulations. In April 2011 the new Bharat (CEV) Stage III standards will come into force across all engine types, although this time the standards will be based on the US EPA’s Tier 2 and 3 regulations. Bharat (Trem) standards are in turn applicable for agricultural tractors. The latest set of standards, Stage IIIA, came into force in April 2010 for vehicles with engine power below 37 kW, with full implementation by April 2011. These are equivalent to the EU’s Stage IIIA standards, although as before there are additional standards for low-power vehicles not covered by the EU Stage IIIA regulations. In addition, the Ministry of Environment and forests also set out emission standards for diesel engine generators, which have been in place since November 2004 (≤600 kW engines) and July 2005 (> 600 kW).
Bharat IV is expected to be implemented around 2015.
Diesel Construction Machinery Emission Standards (g/kWh)
| Regulation |
Category_(kW) |
Date | CO |
HC |
HC + NOx |
NOx |
PM |
| Bharat Stage II | kW < 8
8 ≤ kW < 19 19 ≤ kW < 37 37 ≤ kW < 75 75 ≤ kW < 130 130 ≤ kW < 560 |
01/10/2008
01/10/2008 01/10/2007 01/10/2007 01/10/2007 01/10/2007 |
8.00
6.60 6.50 6.50 5.00 5.00 |
1.30
1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 |
9.20
9.20 9.20 9.20 9.20 9.20 |
1.00
0.85 0.85 0.85 0.70 0.54 |
|
| Bharat Stage III | kW < 8
8 ≤ kW < 19 19 ≤ kW < 37 37 ≤ kW < 75 75 ≤ kW < 130 130 ≤ kW < 560 |
01/04/2011
01/04/2011 01/04/2011 01/04/2011 01/04/2011 01/04/2011 |
8.00
6.60 5.50 5.00 5.00 3.50 |
7.50
7.50 7.50 4.70 4.00 4.00 |
0.80
0.80 0.60 0.40 0.30 0.20 |
Diesel Agricultural Tractors Emission Standards (g/kWh)
| Regulation | Category_(kW) | Date | CO | HC | HC + NOx | NOx | PM |
| Bharat Stage I | All Engine Power | 01/10/1999 | 14.00 | 3.50 | 18.00 | ||
| Bharat Stage II | All Engine Power | 01/06/2003 | 9.00 | 15.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Bharat Stage III | All Engine Power | 01/10/2005 | 5.50 | 9.50 | 0.80 | ||
| Bharat Stage IIIA | kW < 8
8 ≤ kW < 19 19 ≤ kW < 37 37 ≤ kW < 75 75 ≤ kW < 130 130 ≤ kW < 560 |
01/04/2010
01/04/2010 01/04/2010 01/04/2011 01/04/2011 01/04/2011 |
5.50
5.50 5.50 5.00 5.00 3.50 |
8.50
8.50 7.50 4.70 4.00 4.00 |
0.80
0.80 0.60 0.40 0.30 0.20 |
|
Indonesia
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines
Indonesian standards are based on European legislation for diesel engine emissions. In terms of new heavy-duty vehicles, current standards require compliance with Euro II regulations. These were introduced in January 2005 for new models, with standards applicable to all existing models by January 2007.
| Reference Legislation | Date |
| Euro II | 01/01/2005 (new models)
01/01/2007 (existing models) |
Passenger Cars and Light Duty Vehicles
For new passenger cars and light-duty diesel vehicles, Indonesian standards are based on Euro 2 regulations, which came into force in January 2005 for new models (2007 for existing models). In addition, proposals are in place for the introduction of Euro 4 standards in 2012 for new models, with full compliance for existing models by 2014.
| Reference Legislation | Date |
| Euro II | 01/01/2005 (new models)
01/01/2007 (existing models) |
| Euro IV | 01/01/2012 (new models)
01/01/2014 (existing models) |
* proposed
|
Japan
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines
Emissions emanating from new diesel-powered heavy duty vehicles in Japan have been regulated since 1988, with standards becoming gradually more stringent since then. The Post New Long Term Emission Standards for heavy duty vehicles (with GVW > 3.5t) came into force in October 2009 for new models of Japanese-produced vehicles. The standards refer to mean emission levels that must be met as a type approval limit as well as a production average. For existing domestic models and imported vehicles, the new standards came into force in October 2010.
Heavy Duty Commercial Diesel Engine Emission Standards (g/kWh)
| Model Year* | Regulation | CO | HC | NOx | PM |
| 2002 | New Short-Term (NST) | 2.22 | 0.87 | 3.38 | 0.18 |
| 2005 | New Long-Term (NLT) | 2.22 | 0.17 | 2.00 | 0.027 |
| 2009 | Post New Long-Term (PNLT) | 2.22 | 0.17 | 0.70 | 0.01 |
* dates are applicable to new Japanese models. For existing models and imports, the standard is applicable twelve months after original implementation date.
Passenger Cars and Light Duty Vehicles
The latest Japanese standards regulating emissions from new diesel passenger cars and light-duty vehicles, namely the New Post Long-Term Regulations, were introduced in October 2009 and are similar in stringency to the Euro 6 standards which will come into effect in 2014. Three categories of vehicles are covered by these standards, namely passenger cars, light-weight commercial vehicles (with a Gross Vehicle Weighting Rating – GVW – not exceeding 1.7 tonnes) and medium-weight commercial vehicles (1.7 t < GVW 3.5 t). The standards stipulate an average level of emissions for each pollutant that must be met as a type approval limit as well as a production average, and a maximum level of emissions that must be met on an individual basis and as a type approval limit if annual sales are below 2,000 units per vehicle model. The standards were originally applicable for all new and existing models of Japanese-produced vehicles; for imported vehicles, the standards came into force in September 2010 (a year later for heavy medium-weight commercial vehicles).
Passenger Car and Light-Duty Vehicle Diesel Engine Emission Standards (g/km)*
| Model Year† | Regulation | Vehicle_Category | CO | HC | NOx | PM |
| 01/10/2002 | New Short- Term (NST) |
PC < 1250 kg
PC > 1250 kg LCV ≤ 1700 kg MCV > 1700 kg‡ |
0.63(0.98)
0.63(0.98) 0.63(0.98) 0.63(0.98) |
0.12(0.24)
0.12(0.24) 0.12(0.24) 0.12(0.24) |
0.28(0.43)
0.30(0.45) 0.28(0.43) 0.49(0.68) |
0.052(0.11)
0.056(0.11) 0.052(0.11) 0.06(0.12) |
| 01/10/2005 | New Long- Term (NLT) |
PC < 1250 kg
PC > 1250 kg LCV ≤ 1700 kg MCV > 1700 kg |
0.63(0.84)
0.63(0.84) 0.63(0.84) 0.63(0.84) |
0.024(0.032)
0.024(0.032) 0.024(0.032) 0.024(0.032) |
0.14(0.19)
0.15(0.20) 0.14(0.19) 0.25(0.33) |
0.013(0.017)
0.014(0.019) 0.013(0.017) 0.015(0.02) |
| 01/10/2009 | Post New Long-Term (PNLT) |
PC < 1250 kg
PC > 1250 kg LCV ≤ 1700 kg MCV > 1700 kg |
0.63(0.84)
0.63(0.84) 0.63(0.84) 0.63(0.84) |
0.024(0.032)
0.024(0.032) 0.024(0.032) 0.024(0.032) |
0.08(0.11)
0.15(0.20) 0.08(0.11) 0.15(0.20) |
0.005(0.007)
0.005(0.007) 0.005(0.007) 0.007(0.009) |
* the number outside the brackets denotes the mean level of emissions that must be met for each new type and as a production average. The number within the brackets is a maximum standard that must be met on an individual basis.
† dates are applicable for new Japanese models. For existing models and imports, the standard is applicable 2 years after original implementation.
‡ standard came into force in 2003 for new domestic models.
Non-Road Vehicle Engines
In 2005/2006, the Ministry of Environment announced the launch of new emission standards for non-road vehicles with an engine power between 19 and 560 kW, applicable to both ‘special’ (i.e. licensed to operate on public roads) and non-road (not licensed) motor vehicles. As with the standards for light-duty and passenger vehicles, the non-road regulations specify both a mean and a maximum level of emissions, and were phased in over 2006-2008 depending on engine power. The standards are also applicable for portable/transportable equipment within the same engine power categories. Recently, the Japanese government announced the new off-highway emission standards which will come into force between 2011 and 2013. These standards are more stringent than the previous levels, and are similar to the EU’s Stage IIIB standards for non-road diesel engines. The Japanese government is currently considering proposals to tighten NOx emission limits to 0.4 g/kWh for engines between 56 and 560 kW, identical to the EU’s Stage IV regulations. So far, implementation dates for the new NOx standard has been tentatively set at October 2015 for engines between 56 and 130 kW, and October 2014 for engines between 130 and 560 kW (applicable for new models of locally-produced engines only; other implementation dates are currently under review).
Special/Non-road Diesel Engine Emission Standards (g/kWh)
| Category | Year | CO | HC | NOx | PM |
| 19 ≤ kW < 37 | 01/10/2007*
01/10/2013† |
5.00(6.50)
5.00(6.50) |
1.00(1.30)
0.70(0.90) |
6.00(7.98)
4.00(5.30) |
0.40(0.53)
0.03(0.04) |
| 37 ≤ kW < 56 | 01/10/2008*
01/10/2013* |
5.00(6.50)
5.00(6.50) |
0.70(0.93)
0.70(0.90) |
4.00(5.32)
4.00(5.32) |
0.30(0.40)
0.025(0.033) |
| 56 ≤ kW < 75 | 01/10/2008†
01/10/2012** |
5.00(6.50)
5.00(6.50) |
0.70(0.93)
0.19(0.25) |
4.00(5.32)
3.30 (4.40) |
0.25(0.33)
0.02(0.03) |
| 75 ≤ kW < 130 | 01/10/2007*
01/10/2012* |
5.00(6.50)
5.00(6.50) |
0.40(0.53)
0.19(0.25) |
3.60(4.79)
3.30(4.40) |
0.20(0.27)
0.02(0.03) |
| 130 ≤ kW < 560 | 01/10/2006†
01/10/2011** |
5.00(6.50)
5.00(6.50) |
0.40(0.53)
0.19(0.25) |
3.60(4.79)
2.00(2.70) |
0.17(0.23)
0.02(0.03) |
* for existing models and imports, the standard is applicable one year after original implementation date.
† for existing models and imports, the standard is applicable 24 months after original implementation date.
** for existing models and imports, the standard is applicable 18 months after original implementation date.
|
Malaysia
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines
Malaysian standards are based on European regulations. Currently, new heavy-duty vehicles are regulated through Euro II standards.
| Reference Legislation | Date |
| Euro II | 01/01/2003 |
Passenger Cars and Light Duty Vehicles
These standards are also based on European regulations, with the current regulations based on Euro 2 standards. In addition, proposals are in place for the introduction of Euro 4 standards for new vehicle models in January 2012 (January 2013 for all models).
| Reference Legislation | Date |
| Euro II | 01/01/2003 |
| Euro IV | 01/01/2012* |
* proposed
|
Singapore
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines
Emission standards for new diesel engine vehicles have, since 1998, been based on European legislation. Current standards for heavy-duty vehicles are based on Euro IVregulations, and have been in place since October 2006. Proposals are currently beingdiscussed in order to introduce Euro V standards in 2014.
| Reference Legislation | Date |
NOx | CO | PM |
| Euro I | 01/07/1988 | 8.00 | 4.50 | 0.36 |
| Euro II | 01/07/2001 | 7.00 | 4.00 | 0.15 |
| Euro IV | 01/10/2006 | 3.50 | 1.50 | 0.02 |
| Euro V* | 01/01/2014 | 2.00 | 1.50 | 0.02 |
* proposed, not yet approved
Passenger Cars and Light Duty Diesel Vehicles
These standards are also based on European regulations. As of June 2006, new passenger cars and light-duty diesel vehicles in Singapore must be compliant with Euro 4 standards. The National Environment Agency (NEA) is planning on implementing Euro V emissions legislation for new passenger cars and light-duty diesel vehicles from 2014 onward.
| Reference Legislation | Date |
| Euro I | 01/07/1998 |
| Euro II | 01/01/2001 |
| Euro IV | 01/06/2006 |
Non-Road Vehicle Engines
Non-road legislation in Singapore has been in place since August 2000. New diesel vehicles falling under this category must comply with EU Stage I, US EPA Tier 1 or Japan Tier 1 standards.
| Reference Legislation | Date |
| EU Stage I | 01/08/2000 |
|
South Korea
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines
Korean emission standards for new diesel engine heavy duty vehicles (> 3 tonnes) have been harmonised with the EU’s regulations since 2003, when Euro III standards were adopted. In July 2009 Euro V-equivalent standards were introduced for new vehicle model registrations, with the standards coming into force for all existing models in July 2010.
Heavy-Duty Vehicle Diesel Engine Emission Standards (g/kWh)
| Date | CO | HC | NOx | PM |
| 01/01/1996 | 4.90 | 1.20 | 11.00 | 0.90 |
| 01/01/1998 | 4.90 | 1.20 | 6.00 | 0.25 |
| 01/01/2000 | 4.90 | 1.20 | 6.00 | 0.25 |
| 01/01/2002 | 4.90 | 1.20 | 6.00 | 0.15 |
| 01/01/2003 | Euro V |
Passenger Cars and Light Duty Vehicles
Since January 2006, South Korea’s emission standards for new passenger cars and lightduty vehicles have been based on EU regulations through the adoption of Euro 4 emission standards. In September 2009 Euro 5 standards were introduced for new models of mini (< 1,000 cc) and small (maximum of 8 seats) passenger cars and small commercial vehicles (GVW < 2 tonnes), with existing models expected to comply by January 2011. For medium passenger cars (minimum of 9 seats) and medium commercial vehicles (2t ≤ GVW < 4t), the standards shall came into force in September 2010, with full compliance by January 2012. Proposals are also in place for the introduction of Euro 6 emission standards between 2014 and 2016 depending on vehicle category.
Passenger Car Diesel Engine Emission Standards (g/km)
| Date | CO | HC | NMHC | NOx | PM |
| 01/01/1993 | 2.11 | 0.25 | 0.62 | 0.12 | |
| 01/01/1996 | 2.11 | 0.25 | 0.62 | 0.08 | |
| 01/01/1998 | 1.50 | 0.25 | 0.62 | 0.08 | |
| 01/01/2000 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.62 | 0.05 | |
| 01/01/2001 | 0.50 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | |
| 01/07/2002 | 0.50 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | |
| 01/01/2006 | Euro IV | ||||
| 01/09/2009 | Euro V | ||||
| 01/09/2014* | Euro VI |
Light-Duty Diesel Trucks Emission Standards (g/km)
| Date | Category | CO | HC | NOx | PM |
| 01/01/1998 | < 1700 kg
> 1700 kg |
2.11
2.11 |
0.25
0.50 |
1.40
1.40 |
0.14
0.25 |
| 01/01/2000 | < 1700 kg
> 1700 kg |
2.11
2.11 |
0.25
0.50 |
1.02
1.06 |
0.11
0.14 |
| 01/01/2004 | < 1700 kg
> 1700 kg |
1.27
1.52 |
0.21
0.33 |
0.64
0.71 |
0.06
0.05 |
| 01/01/2006 | Euro IV | ||||
| 01/01/2009 | Euro V | ||||
| 01/07/2014 | Euro VI |
* Date applicable for new small passenger cars and small commercial vehicles. For existing models, together with new mid-sized passenger cars and commercial vehicles, the standard is applicable in 2015.
Non-Road Vehicle Engines
Non-road diesel engine emission standards in Korea have been harmonised with the US EPA’s regulations since January 2005 following the introduction of Korean Tier 2 standards (based on US Tier 2). The latest standards were introduced in January 2008, applicable for new type approvals. These are based on the US Tier 3 standards.
Non-Road Diesel Engine Emission Standards (g/kWh)
| Regulation | Date | Category (kW) | CO | HC | HC + NOx | NOx | PM |
| Tier I | 01/01/2004 | 18-37
37-75 75-130 130-225 225-560 |
5.50
5.50 5.00 5.00 5.00 |
1.30
1.30 1.30 1.30 |
9.50.
. . . |
9.20
9.20 9.20 9.20 |
0.80
0.60 0.60 0.54 0.54 |
| Tier II | 01/01/2005 | 18-37
37-75 75-130 130-225 225-560 |
5.50
5.00 5.00 3.50 3.50 |
7.50
7.50 6.60 6.60 6.40 |
0.60
0.40 0.30 0.20 0.20 |
||
| Tier III | 01/01/2008 | US Tier 3* |
* standard applicable to diesel engines for construction and industrial equipment.
|
Taiwan
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines
Taiwanese emission legislation for diesel engines has typically involved a mixture of US and European standards. Since 1993, new heavy-duty vehicle emissions have been regulated through the introduction of US EPA standards. However, as of October 2006, heavy-duty vehicles in Taiwan must comply with Euro IV standards.
| Date | CO | THC | NMHC + NOx | NOx | PM |
| 01/07/1999 | 10.00 | 1.30 | 5.00 | 0.10 | |
| 01/01/2004 | 10.00 | 1.30 | 5.00 | 0.10 | |
| 01/10/2006 | Euro IV |
Passenger Cars and Light Duty Vehicles
As of October 2006, new diesel engine passenger cars and light-duty vehicles must comply with either Euro 4 or US EPA Tier 1/2 standards (Tier 1 for passenger cars; Tier 2 for light commercial vehicles). Proposals are also in place for the introduction of Euro 5 standards by 2012, with a phasing-in schedule identical to that adopted originally by the EU (i.e. the standards would be applicable for existing models after 12 months of original implementation).
| Date | CO | NMHC | NMOG | HCHO | NOx | PM |
| 01/07/1999 | 3.50 | 0.16 | 0.625 | 0.05 | ||
| 01/01/2004 | 2.11 | 0.16 | 0.625 | 0.05 | ||
| 01/10/2006 | Euro 4 / US Tier 1(passenger cars) & Tier 2 (Commercial Vehicles) | |||||
| 01/01/2012* | Euro V |
|
Thailand
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines
Emission standards for diesel engines in Thailand are based on EU regulations. With regards to new heavy-duty vehicles, current standards are based on Euro III regulations which came into force in January 2008 for new vehicles (January 2009 for existing models).
| Reference Legislation | Date* |
| Euro III | 01/01/2008 |
| Euro IV | 01/01/2012** |
* date applicable for new models. For existing models, compliance is required within 12 months.
** proposed
Passenger Cars and Light Duty Vehicles
Currently, emission standards for new passenger cars and light-duty vehicles require full compliance with Euro 3 regulations, and have been in place since January 2004. In addition, the introduction of Euro 4 standards has also been proposed, with expected implementation in January 2012 for new models (January 2013 for all models). However, due to the economic crisis discussions are currently underway which may lead to the postponement of Euro 4 adoption by two years.
| Reference Legislation | Date* |
| Euro III | 01/01/2004 |
| Euro IV | 01/01/2012** |
* date applicable for new models. For existing models, compliance is required within 12 months.
** proposed
